Charging a battery can serve two purposes: delivering energy and learning about its condition. Its voltage and temperature responses may help distinguish different degradation processes or reveal an emerging fault. Whether they do so depends on how the battery is operated and what is measured. A charging schedule that meets the energy requirement can still leave important differences unresolved, limiting both diagnosis and control.

I will build a research program around designing operation and measurement together. My previous work on nonlinear observers, battery degradation models, and fault detection provides the basis for this approach. At xxx, I will develop health-aware operating policies, charging profiles that help reveal faults, and methods for choosing sensor locations and experiments that support reliable estimates. The underlying questions extend beyond batteries to thermal and mechanical systems: how can useful information be obtained within operating limits, and how should control proceed when the measurements remain ambiguous?